inchoate (adj.)

"recently or just begun," 1530s, from Latin inchoatus, past participle of inchoare, alteration of incohare "commence, begin," probably originally "to hitch up," traditionally derived from in- "in" (from PIE root *en "in") + a verb from cohum "strap (fastened to the oxen's yoke)," a word of obscure origin. De Vaan says that as, incohere "is a frequent verb, ... its meaning can easily have derived from 'to yoke a plough to a team of oxen' ..., in other words, 'to start work.' Thus, there might be a core of truth in the ancient connection of cohum with a yoke."

also from 1530s

Entries linking to inchoate

choate (adj.)

"finished, complete," a mistaken or humorous back-formation from inchoate (q.v.) as though that word contained in- "not." It is pointed to in an 1878 letter from Oliver Wendell Holmes lamenting barbarisms in legal case writing (he said he found choate in a California report), and it is used in a South Carolina Supreme Court case from 1871 (Massey vs. Duren) as the opposite of inchoate. But non-legal use seems to have been mostly jocular:

Companion Gouley is entirely correct ; for this particular U.D. is not only not inchoate, but he is so terribly choate that, not content with being finished himself, he proceeds with great zeal and unction to finish everybody else. ["Proceedings of the Grand Chapter of the Royal Arch Masons of Canada," 1874]

inchoative (adj.)

1630s, "indicating beginning or inception;" see inchoate + -ive. Especially in grammar, of verbs, "denoting the beginning of action, inceptive," 1660s.

*en

Proto-Indo-European root meaning "in."

It forms all or part of: and; atoll; dysentery; embargo; embarrass; embryo; empire; employ; en- (1) "in; into;" en- (2) "near, at, in, on, within;" enclave; endo-; enema; engine; enoptomancy; enter; enteric; enteritis; entero-; entice; ento-; entrails; envoy; envy; episode; esoteric; imbroglio; immolate; immure; impede; impend; impetus; important; impostor; impresario; impromptu; in; in- (2) "into, in, on, upon;" inchoate; incite; increase; inculcate; incumbent; industry; indigence; inflict; ingenuous; ingest; inly; inmost; inn; innate; inner; innuendo; inoculate; insignia; instant; intaglio; inter-; interim; interior; intern; internal; intestine; intimate (adj.) "closely acquainted, very familiar;" intra-; intricate; intrinsic; intro-; introduce; introduction; introit; introspect; invert; mesentery.

It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit antara- "interior;" Greek en "in," eis "into," endon "within;" Latin in "in, into," intro "inward," intra "inside, within;" Old Irish in, Welsh yn, Old Church Slavonic on-, Old English in "in, into," inne "within, inside."

Trends of inchoate

adapted from books.google.com/ngrams/. Ngrams are probably unreliable.

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orange

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fork

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avocado

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obliterate

"blot out, cause to disappear, remove all traces of, wipe out," c. 1600, from Latin obliteratus, past participle of obliterare "cause to disappear, blot out (a writing), erase, efface," figuratively "cause to be forgotten, blot out a remembrance," from ob "against" (see ob-) + li

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updated on September 28, 2017

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