"non-Catholic," 1809, from a- (3) + Catholic.

"involving or pertaining to adjudication," 1809; see adjudicate + -ive. Perhaps modeled on French adjudicatif. Especially in law, "useful in determining the outcome of a case."

1809, originally nautical, "in a state of collision or entanglement," from a- (1) + foul (adj.). From 1833 in general sense of "in violent or hostile conflict," mainly in phrases such as run afoul of.

"burlesque nonsense writing or verse," 1809, from French amphigouri (18c.), which is of unknown origin, perhaps itself a nonsense word, though the first element seems to suggest Greek amphi (see amphi-). The second sometimes is said to be somehow from Greek gyros "circle," making the whole thus "circle on both sides," or it may be from Greek -agoria "speech" (as in allegory, category). Related: Amphigoric.

"containing no water," 1809, a modern coinage from Greek an- "not, without" (see an- (1)) + hydor "water" (from PIE root *wed- (1) "water; wet") + -ous. Greek did have anhydros "waterless," used of arid lands or corpses that had not been given proper funeral rites.

language spoken by the Araucanian people of central Chile, 1809, also Araucano, Mapudungu.

"at or to the sea," by 1809, from a- (1) "on" + sea.

1809, in reference to the classical philosophical or metaphysical doctrine of atomism (1670s); modern sense (logical atomism) traces to 1914 and Bertrand Russell and the philosophy that, "while maintaining that there are many things, ... denies that there is a whole composed of these things."

1809 in reference to the blood that flows in the veins of the old and aristocratic families of Spain, translating Spanish sangre azul, claimed by certain families of Castile that held themselves uncontaminated by Moorish or Jewish admixture; the term probably is from the notion of the visible veins of people of fair complexion. In reference to English families by 1827. As a noun, "member of an old and aristocratic family," by 1877. See blue (adj.1) + blood (n.).

1809, "first weekday after Christmas," on which by an English custom postmen, employees, and others can expect to receive a Christmas present; originally in reference to the custom of distributing the contents of the Christmas box, which had been placed in the church for charity collections. See box (n.1). The custom is older than the phrase.